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AFTER CERTAINTY

book

Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View

Milgram, Stanley. Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View. New York: Harper & Row, 1974.

Why this matters here

Stanley Milgram’s Obedience to Authority reports laboratory experiments in which ordinary participants administered what they believed were severe shocks under an experimenter’s authority, showing situational obedience rather than rare sadism. When Authority Outlives Accountability pairs that finding with moral injury research to relocate leadership morality from character labels to how systems authorize, excuse, or conceal harm. Milgram establishes the obedience evidence; the book’s question is how leaders stand toward harm when they can continue or interrupt it.